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 Angiography

Angiography

(Catheter Angiography; Arteriography; Angiogram)

by Laurie Rosenblum

Definition

An angiography is an x-ray exam of the blood vessels. The exam uses a chemical that is injected into your blood vessels to make them more visible on the x-ray.

Angiography

Nucleus factsheet image

© 2009 Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.

Reasons for Procedure

This procedure may be done to:

  • Help doctors identify narrowed, enlarged, and blocked blood vessels
  • Determine if there is blood leaking out of the vessels and into other parts of your body
.

In some cases, the doctor can treat a blocked blood vessel at this time. This would prevent the need for another procedure.

Possible Complications

Complications are rare but no procedure is completely free of risk. If you are planning to have an angiography, your doctor will review a list of possible complications which may include:

  • Allergic reaction to chemical used
  • Abnormal heart beats ( Arrhythmias )
  • Bleeding at point of catheter insertion
  • Damage to blood vessels which in turn can cause damage to organs and tissue
  • Kidney damage from contrast material
  • Infection

Factors that may increase the risk of complications include:

  • Allergies, especially to x-ray dye, iodine, medications, or certain foods including shellfish
  • Kidney problems
  • Diabetes
  • Bleeding disorder

What to Expect

Prior to Procedure

  • At your appointment before the test, your doctor will likely:
    • Do blood tests
    • Ask about:
      • Your medical history
      • Medications you take
      • Allergies
      • Whether you are pregnant or trying to get pregnant
    • Perform a thorough physical examination
  • In the days before your procedure, you will need to:
    • Arrange for a ride to and from the procedure.
    • Follow your doctor’s instructions. You may need to make changes in your medications or your eating and drinking habits.

Anesthesia

A local anesthesia will be injected into the arm or groin where the catheter will be inserted there. A small dose of sedative may also be given by IV.

Description of the Procedure

The area of the groin or arm where the catheter will be inserted is shaved and cleaned. The area will be numbed with the anesthetic. A small incision will be made into your skin. A catheter (small tube) will be placed through the incision into an artery. The doctor will guide the catheter through the arteries to the area to be examined. The contrast material is then injected through the catheter. The doctor watches the procedure on a nearby television monitor. Several sets of x-rays are taken. The catheter is then removed. Pressure will be applied on the area for about 10 minutes.

How Long Will It Take?

Less than an hour to several hours if the doctor decides to fix any problems at the same time

How Much Will It Hurt?

Although the procedure is not painful, you may feel the following discomfort:

  • Brief sting when local anesthesia is injected
  • Pressure when catheter is inserted
  • Hot and flushed when contrast material is injected

Post-procedure Care

At the Care Center

Immediately following the procedure:

  • You will need to lie flat for a period of time. The length will depend on your overall health and the reason for the exam.
  • You may need to have pressure applied to the entry site to control bleeding.
  • If you notice any swelling, bleeding, black and blue marks, or pain where the catheter was inserted, tell the nurse.
  • You will be encouraged to drink a lot of fluids to flush the contrast material from your system.
  • You may be allowed to leave the hospital after this recovery period but the length of stay will depend on your medical problems.

At Home

After your procedure, be sure to follow your doctor's instructions .

When you return home after the procedure, do the following to help ensure a smooth recovery:

  • Drink extra fluids, as instructed by your doctor. This will help flush the contrast material from your system.
  • Do not lift heavy objects or do any strenuous exercise or sexual activity for at least 24 hours or longer as directed by your doctor.
  • Change the dressing around the incision area as instructed.
  • Take medications as instructed.

Results

The radiologist will examine the x-rays and report the findings to your doctor. Your doctor will discuss the findings with you and any treatment options needed.

Call Your Doctor

After arriving home, contact your doctor if any of the following occurs:

  • Signs of infection, including fever and chills
  • Redness, swelling, increasing pain, excessive bleeding, or any discharge from the injection site
  • Extreme sweating, nausea, or vomiting
  • Extreme pain, including chest pain
  • Leg or arm feels cold, turns white or blue, or becomes numb or tingly
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Any problems with your speech or vision
  • Facial weakness
In case of emergency call 911.

RESOURCES:

American Heart Association
http://www.americanheart.org/

RadiologyInfo
http://www.radiologyinfo.org/

CANADIAN RESOURCES:

The College of Family Physicians of Canada
http://www.cfpc.ca/

Health Canada
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/index-eng.php/

References:

Angiography. American Society of Radiologic Technologists website. Available at: https://www.asrt.org/content/ThePublic/AboutRadiologicProcedures/Angiography.aspx . Accessed July 27, 2009.

Cerebral angiogram. Your Total Health website. Available at: http://yourtotalhealth.ivillage.com/cerebral-angiogram.html . Updated June 2007. Accessed July 27, 2009.

Catheter angiography. Radiology Info website. Available at: http://www.radiologyinfo.org . Updated June 2009. Accessed July 27, 2009.


Last reviewed November 2009 by Craig Clark, DO, FACC, FAHA, FASE and Brian P. Randall, MD

Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.

Copyright © 2009 EBSCO Publishing All rights reserved.

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